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305 Table of Contents
Research Notes
305.1.1
Abortion
305.1.2
Accessory After The Fact
305.1.3
Accident
305.1.4
Accomplice Liability: Aiding And Abetting/Accessory Before The Fact
305.1.5
Accomplices
305.1.6
Acquittal First
305.1.7.1 Actual/Constructive Possession
305.1.7.2 Actual Innocence
305.1.8
Adoptive Admissions
305.1.9
Aiding And Abetting
305.1.10 Alibi
305.1.11 Alternative Offenses/Verdicts
305.1.12 Appeal
305.1.13.1 Appeal Of Jury Instruction Issues
305.1.13.2 Apprendi v. New Jersey
305.1.14 Arson
305.1.15 Assault
305.1.16 Assisted Suicide -- Mercy Killing
305.1.17 Attempted Murder
305.1.18 Attempts
305.1.19
Automatism
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305.1.1 Abortion
Dignity And Autonomy After Washington V. Glucksberg: an Essay About Abortion, Death, And Crime, 7 Cornell J.L. & Pub. Pol'y 431, Winter 1998, Lois Shepherd.
Fetal Homicide: Woman or Fetus as Victim? A Survey of Current State Approaches And Recommendations For Future State Application, 41 Wm. & Mary L. Rev. 1845, May, 2000, Sandra L. Smith.
Fetal Rights And The Prosecution of Women For Using Drugs During Pregnancy, 48 Drake L. Rev. 741 (2000), Nova D. Janssen.
Instruction, in Prosecution Based on Abortion, as to Limited Effect of Evidence of Commission of Similar Crimes by Accused, 15 ALR2d 1113.
A Woman's Right to Choose: Wrongful Death Statutes And Abortion Rights - Consistent at Last, 19 Women's Rts. L. Rep. 279, Spring 1998, Julienne Rut Siano.
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305.1.2 Accessory After The Fact
Accomplice Liability For Unintentional Crimes: Remaining Within The Constraints of Intent, 31 Loy. L.A. L. Rev. 1351, June, 1998, Audrey Rogers.
Instructions Regarding Special Issues: Trial Issues, CRMJIII MA-CLE 4.I-i (Main Handbook) Massachusetts Continuing Legal Education, Inc. June, 1999 Massachusetts Superior Court Criminal Practice Jury Instructions, Chapter 4, Part I, Pamela L. Hunt.
Multidefendant Criminal Cases: Federal Law & Procedure, Caplow & Griffin, (West, 1998) § 1:13-1:18.
Sewing up The Loophole in Accessory After The Fact Crimes, 50 S.C. L. Rev. 901, Summer 1999, Susannah Rawl Cole.
Texts:
LaFave & Scott, Substantive Criminal Law (West, 1986) § 6.9.
Wharton’s Criminal Law (West, 15th ed. 1993) § 33.
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305.1.3 Accident
Accident And Specific Intent Crimes, 1991-APR Army Law. 27, April, 1991 Department of the Army Pamphlet 27-50-220, Major Milhizer.
The Defense of Accident: More Limited Than You Might Think, 1989-JAN Army Law. 45 Army Lawyer January, 1989 Department of the Army Pamphlet, 27-50-193, Maj. Milhizer.
Texts:
Wharton’s Criminal Evidence (West, 15th Ed. 1997) § 2:19, pp. 109-118.
Wharton's Criminal Law (West, 15th Ed. 1993) § 138, pp. 233-39.
Robinson, Criminal Law Defenses (1984) pp. 269-71.
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305.1.4 Accomplice Liability: Aiding And Abetting/Accessory Before The Fact
Acquittal of Principal, or His Conviction of Lesser Degree of Offense, as Affecting Prosecution of Accessory, or Aider or Abettor, 9 ALR4th 972.
Criminal Liability for Death of Another as Result of Accused's Attempt to Kill Self or Assist Another's Suicide, 40 ALR4th 702.
Offense of Aiding and Abetting Illegal Possession of Drugs or Narcotics, 47 ALR4th 1239.
Sufficiency of Evidence to Establish Criminal Participation by Individual Involved in Gang Fight or Assault, 24 ALR4th 243.
Texts:
LaFave & Scott, Substantive Criminal Law (West, 1986) § 6.7, 6.8.
LaFave & Scott, Substantive Criminal Law (West, 1986) § 6.6.
Wharton’s Criminal Law (West 15th Ed. 1993) §§ 29-32, 34-35, 38.
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305.1.5 Accomplices
Necessity Of, and Prejudicial Effect of Omitting, Cautionary Instruction to Jury as to Accomplice's Testimony Against Defendant in Criminal Trial, 17 ALR Fed 249.
Necessity for Instructions to Jury on Question as to Who Are Accomplices, Within Rule Requiring Corroboration of Their Testimony, 19 ALR2d 1387.
Propriety of Specific Jury Instructions as to Credibility of Accomplices, 4 ALR3d 351.
Question as to Who Are Accomplices, Within Rule Requiring Corroboration of Their Testimony, as One of Law or Fact, 19 ALR2d 1352.
Thief as Accomplice of One Charged with Receiving Stolen Property, or Vice Versa, Within Rule Requiring Cautionary Instruction, 74 ALR3d 560, §§ 3, 9, 13
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305.1.6 Acquittal First
Conviction of lesser offense as bar to prosecution for greater on new trial, 61 ALR2d 1141.
Should Juries Be Able to Agree to Disagree? People v. Boettcher and the Unanimous Acquittal First Instruction [case note: People v. Boettcher (N.Y. Ct. App. 1987) 505 N.E.2d 594], Cooper, 54 Brooklyn L.Rev. 1027, Fall 1988.
The Unanimous Acquittal Instructions: A Rational Approach to Instructing Jurors on Lesser Included Offenses, Atlas, 16 Fordham Urban L.J. 331, Spring 1988.
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305.1.7 Actual/Constructive Possession
See also NCJIC Research Notes 305.4.7 [Drug Offenses].
See also NCJIC Research Notes 305.23.1 [Weapons Offenses].
Conviction of Possession of Illicit Drugs Found in Automobile of Which Defendant Was Not Sole Occupant, 57 ALR3d 1319.
Conviction of Possession of Illicit Drugs Found in Premises of Which Defendant Was in Non-exclusive Possession, 56 ALR3d 948.
Statutory Presumption of Possession of Weapon by Occupants of Place or Vehicle Where it Was Found, 87 ALR3d 949.
What Amounts to "Control" under State Statute Making it Illegal for Felon to Have Possession or Control of Firearm or Other Dangerous Weapon, 66 ALR4th 1240.
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305.1.7.2 Actual Innocence
Rethinking the Penalty Phase, 32 Ariz. St. L.J. 1195 (2000).
Towards a New Understanding of Capital Clemency and Procedural Due Process, 75 B.U.L. Rev. 1507 (1995).
Simple Murder: A Comment on the Legality of Executing the Innocent, 44 Buff. L. Rev. 501 (1996).
Spelling Guilt out of a Record? Harmless-error Review of Conclusive Mandatory Presumptions and Elemental Misdescriptions, 74 B.U.L. Rev. 819.
Article: Visions of Habeas, 1994 BYU L. Rev. 735.
Stays of Execution: Equal Justice for All, 45 Baylor L. Rev. 911 (1993).
Responding to Herrera V. Collins: Ensuring That Innocents Are Not Executed, 45 Case W. Res. L. Rev. 603 (1995).
The Diffusion of Due Process in Capital Cases of Actual Innocence After Herrera, 70 Chi.-Kent. L. Rev. 1391 (1995).
Feature: Federal Habeas Corpus: a Backdrop for Providing a State Post-conviction Remedy For Actual Innocence, 37 AZ Attorney 22 (2000).
"Milestones in Habeas Corpus: Part I: Just Because John Marshall Said
It, Doesn'T Make It So: Ex Parte Bollman and the Illusory Prohibition on the
Federal Writ of Habeas Corpus for State Prisoners in the Judiciary Act of
1789," 51 Ala. L. Rev. 531 (2000).
"Habeas Leaps From the Pan and Into the Fire: Jacobs v. Scott and the AntiTerrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996," 61 Alb. L. Rev. 557 (1997).
"The Federal Habeas Corpus Custody Decisions: Liberal Oasis or Conservative Prop?," 23 Am. J. Crim. L. 99 (1995).
"What Message Are We Sending to Criminal Jurors When We Ask Them to ‘Send a Message’ With Their Verdict?," 22 Am. J. Crim. L. 565 (1995).
"A Dark Day for Habeas Corpus: Successive Petitions Under the AntiTerrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996," 40 Ariz. L. Rev. 1115 (1998).
There Is Nothing Certain like Death in Texas: State Executive Clemency Boards Turn a Deaf Ear to Death Row Inmates' Last Appeals, 37 Ariz. L. Rev. 375 (1995).
Article: Federal Evidentiary Hearings under the New Habeas Corpus Statute, 6 B.U. Pub. Int. L.J.135 (1996).
Simple Murder: A Comment on the Legality of Executing the Innocent, 44 Buff. L. Rev. 501 (1996).
A Primer on the New Habeas Corpus Statute, 44 Buff. L. Rev. 381.
Failed Enterprise: The Supreme Court's Habeas Reform, 83 Cal. L. Rev. 485.
Criminal Justice in the Supreme Court: A Review of United States Supreme Court Decisions at the Close of the Millennium 1998-1999, 36 Cal. W. L. Rev. 437 (2000).
Commentary on "Perspectives on a Divided Court" by Judge Louis H. Pollak, 25 Cap. U.L. Rev. 307 (1996).
The Gateway for Successive Habeas Petitions: an Argument for Schlup V. Delo's Probability Standard For Actual Innocence Claims, 19 Cardozo L. Rev. 2341 (1998).
Comment: the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996, Chapter 154: The Key to the Courthouse Door or Slaughterhouse Justice?, 47 Cath. U.L. Rev. 603 (1998).
The Diffusion of Due Process in Capital Cases of Actual Innocence After Herrera, 70 Chi.-Kent. L. Rev. 1391 (1995).
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305.1.8 Adoptive Admissions
Adoptive Admissions: a Subjective Search For a Reasonable Inference–State v. Damiano, 26 Suffolk U. L. Rev. 544, 1992, 587 A.2D 396 (R.I. 1991) Darin M. Colucci.
Adoptive Admissions and The Meaning of Silence: Continuing The Inquiry Into Evidence Law And Issues of Race, Class, Gender, And Ethnicity, 28 Sw. U. L. Rev. 337, 1999 Symposium on Evidence Law, Maria L. Ontiveros.
Jury's Need for Help as to Circumstances in Which Silence Can be Taken into Account and as to Their Approach to Whether Those Circumstances Existed in Present Case [Great Britain], Cowan and Smith, Crim.L.Rev. 188, March 1990.
Nonverbal Reaction to Accusation, Other than Silence Alone, as Constituting Adoptive Admission under Hearsay Rule, 87 ALR3d 706.
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305.1.9 Aiding And Abetting
See also NCJIC Research Notes 305.1.4 [Accomplice Liability: Aiding and Abetting/Accessory Before The Fact].
Acts of Co-Defendant Beyond Scope of Agreement with Appellant -- Direction to Jury [Great Britain], Smith and Knapman, Crim.L.Rev. 693, Oct. 1988.
When A Defendant Is Prosecuted Under The "Natural and Probable Consequences" Doctrine, A Trial Court Must Provide A Jury Instruction Identifying And Describing Target Crimes That A Defendant May Have Aided Or Abetted, Christiane E. Cargill, 25 Pepp. L. Rev. 274, 1997 (California Supreme Court Survey April 1996 - July 1997).
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305.1.10 Alibi
Duty of Court, in Absence of Specific Request, to Instruct on Subject of Alibi, 72 ALR3d 547.
Necessity of Alibi Instructions: The Court's Unswaying Resole to Protect a Defendant's Right to an Alibi Instruction (The Dist. of Col. Ct. of App. Student Project: A Survey of Recent Case Law), Watson, 33 Howard L.J. 437, Winter 1991.
Propriety and Prejudicial Effect of Instructions on Credibility of Alibi Witness, 72 ALR3d 617.
Propriety and Prejudicial Effect of on or about Instruction Where Alibi Evidence in Federal Criminal Case Purports to Cover Specific Date Shown by Prosecution Evidence, 92 ALR Fed 313.
Validity and Construction of Statute Requiring Defendant in Criminal Case to Disclose Matter as to Alibi Defense, 45 ALR3d 958.
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305.1.11 Alternative Offenses/Verdicts
Alternative Offenses: Let the Jury Choose [Great Britain], Doran, 1992 Crim.L.Rev. 843, Dec. 1992.
Alternative Verdict -- Duty of Judge [Great Britain], Knapman and Smith, Crim.L.Rev. 760, Nov. 1988.
Alternative Verdicts [Great Britain] Coutts, 51 J. of Crim.L. 171, May 1987.
Consideration of Alternative Offenses [Great Britain] Coutts, 55 J.Crim.L. 178, May 1991.
Direction on Alternative Offence [Great Britain] Coutts, 55 J.Crim.L. 1, Feb. 1991.
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305.1.12 Appeal
A Restatement of Exceptions to the Preservation of Error Requirement in Criminal Cases, Derrick Augustus Carter, 46 U. Kan. L. Rev. 947, June 1998.
Codefendant: Right of Defendant to Complain, on Appellate Review, of Instructions Favoring Codefendant, 60 ALR2d 524.
Cure of Error, in Instruction as to One Offense, by Conviction of Higher or Lesser Offense, Modern Status of Law Regarding, 15 Alr4th 118.
How to Preserve and Strengthen Issues for Appeal, Bay Area Community Law Foundation and The National Lawyers Guild (Oct. 1994).
Inconsistent Jury Instructions (Survey of Washington Law) [case note: Caruso v. Local Union 690, International Brotherhood of Teamsters 730 (Wash. 1987) 730 P.2d. 1299], Lyon, 23 Gonzaga L.Rev. 671, Oct. 1988.
When a Trial Court Issues Conflicting Instructions to a Jury, Error Results Which Must be Tested for Reversal by the Harmless-Beyond-a-Reasonable-Doubt Test (Cal. Sup. Ct. Survey Mar. - Aug. 1987) Stump, 15 Pepperdine L.Rev. 283, Jan. 1988.
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305.1.13.1 Appeal Of Jury Instruction Issues
A Restatement of Exceptions to the Preservation of Error Requirement in Criminal Cases, Derrick Augustus Carter, 46 U. Kan. L. Rev. 947, June 1998.
Codefendant: Right of Defendant to Complain, on Appellate Review, of Instructions Favoring Codefendant, 60 ALR2d 524.
Cure of Error, in Instruction as to One Offense, by Conviction of Higher or Lesser Offense, Modern Status of Law Regarding, 15 ALR4th 118.
How to Preserve and Strengthen Issues for Appeal, Bay Area Community Law Foundation and The National Lawyers Guild (Oct. 1994).
Inconsistent Jury Instructions (Survey of Washington Law) [case note: Caruso v. Local Union 690, International Brotherhood of Teamsters 730 (WA 1987) 730 P2d 1299]; Lyon, 23 Gonzaga L.Rev. 671, Oct. 1988.
When a Trial Court Issues Conflicting Instructions to a Jury, Error Results Which Must be Tested for Reversal by the Harmless-Beyond-a-Reasonable-Doubt Test, Stump, (Cal. Sup. Ct. Survey Mar. - Aug. 1987) 15 Pepperdine L.Rev. 283, Jan. 1988.
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305.1.13.2 Apprendi v. New Jersey
"A Looming 'Apprendi' Tsunami?" David E. Rovella, The National Law Journal, January 3, 2001.
"An Apprendi Primer: On The Virtues Of A 'Doubting Thomas'," The Champion, NACDL, October 2000, pp. 18-71. Champion articles are available on line at: http://209.70.38.3/CHAMPION/champndx.htm.
"Apprendi: A Watershed Decision," by Thomas Lundy, available at http://juryinstruction.com/criminal_featured_article_3.htm.
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305.1.14 Arson
Expert and Opinion Evidence as to Cause or Origin of Fire, 88 ALR2d 230.
The Metamorphosis of the Law of Arson, Poulos, 51 Mo. L. Rev. 295 (1986).
Pyromania and the Criminal Law, 51 ALR4th 1243.
Vacancy or Nonoccupancy of Building as Affecting its Character as "Dwelling" as Regards Arson, 44 ALR2d 1456.
What Constitutes "Burning" To Justify Charge Of Arson, 8 ALR4th 488.
Texts:
Wharton’s Criminal Law (West, 15th ed. 1993) § 334-341, pp. 323-343.
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305.1.15 Assault
Admissibility Of Threats To Defendant Made By Third Parties To Support Claim Of Self-Defense In Criminal Prosecution For Assault Or Homicide, 55 ALR5th 449, and Later Case Service.
Attempt to Commit Assault as Criminal Offense, 79 ALR2d 597.
Consent as Defense to Charge of Criminal Assault and Battery, 58 ALR3d 662.
Criminal Law--Resisting Arrest--Unlawful Arrest--The Pennsylvania Supreme Court Held That Resistance to an Arrest Found to be Unlawful Cannot Result in a Conviction For Resisting Arrest But Can Result in a Conviction For Aggravated Assault. A.W. Tauson, 34 Duq. L. Rev. 755-75 Spring 1996.
Effect of Failure or Refusal of Court to Instruct on Assault and Battery, 58 ALR2d 808.
Intent to Do Physical Harm as Essential Element of Crime of Assault with Deadly or Dangerous Weapon, 92 ALR2d 635.
Liability of Hotel or Motel Operator for Injury to Guest Resulting from Assault by Third Party, 28 ALR4th 80.
Single Act Affecting Multiple Victims as Constituting Multiple Assaults or Homicides, 8 ALR4th 960.
Sufficiency of Bodily Injury to Support Charge of Aggravated Assault, 5 ALR5th 243.
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305.1.16 Assisted Suicide -- Mercy Killing
Assisted Suicide and Reproductive Freedom: Exploring Some Connections, 76 Wash. U. L.Q. 15, Spring 1998, Susan Frelich Appleton.
Assisted Suicide And The Inalienable Right to Life, 16 Issues L. & Med. 111, Fall, 2000, Daniel Avila.
Criminal Liability for Death of Another as Result of Accused's Attempt to Kill Self or Assist Another's Suicide, 40 ALR4th 702.
Efforts to Legalize Physician-assisted Suicide in New York, Washington and Oregon: a Contrast Between Judicial and Initiative Approaches--who Should Decide?, 77 Or. L. Rev. 1027, Winter 1998, Carol A. Pratt.
Physician-assisted Suicide: the Supreme Court's Wary Rejection, 31 U. Tol. L. Rev. 253, Winter 2000, Henry J. Bourguignon.
Regulating How We Die: The Ethical, Medical, And Legal Issues Surrounding Physician-Assisted Suicide, 25 J. Health Pol. Pol'y & L. 391, April, 2000, Books: Review Symposium on Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide, Linda L. Emanuel, (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1998), Timothy E. Quill.
Vacco V. Quill and the Debate over Physician-assisted Suicide: Is the Right to Die Protected by the Fourteenth Amendment?, 15 N.Y.L. Sch. J. Hum. Rts. 511, Spring, 1999, Kim C. Arestad.
Texts:
LaFave & Scott, Substantive Criminal Law (West, 1986) § 7.8.
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305.1.17 Attempted Murder
Attempted Murder -- Proper Direction on "Intention" [Great Britain], Coutts, 55 J.Crim.L. 33, Feb. 1991.
Use of Transferred Intent in Attempted Murder, Comment, 17 New Mexico L. Rev. 189, 1987.
What Constitutes Attempted Murder, 54 ALR3d 612.
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305.1.18 Attempts
Impossibility of Consummation of Substantive Crime as Defense in Criminal Prosecution for Conspiracy or Attempt to Commit Crime, 37 ALR3d 375.
Justice in Criminal Liability: Decriminalizing Harmless Attempts, Crocker (1992) 53 Ohio St.L.J. 1057.
Criminal Attempt and the Role of Resulting Harm Under the Code and the Common Law, Ashworth (1988) 19 Repcurs L.J. 725.
Texts:
LaFave & Scott, Substantive Criminal Law (West, 1986) § 6.2, 6.3.
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305.1.19 Automatism
United States v. Berri: The Automatism Defense Rears Its Ugly Little Head, 1993 Army Law. 17 (1993).